' PLEASE use MTU 1100 ... Don\'t just copy from other .. '

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' PLEASE use  MTU 1100 ...  Don\'t just copy from other .. '

Manu · Accepted Answer

Step 1: Calculate Fragment Sizes Fragment 1 Payload : 1080 bytes (maximum payload that fits within the MTU) Fragment 2 Payload : Remaining bytes from the total message size = 2000 - 1080 = 920 bytes Explanation : Determine how many bytes of data each fragment can carry, given the MTU limits the payload after accounting for the IPv4 header. Step 2: Fragment Details Fragment 1 (First 1080 bytes) Version : 4 (IPv4) IHL (Internet Header Length) : 5 (20 bytes, assuming no options are used) Type of Service : 0x24 (routine precedence and normal delay, normal throughput, and high reliability) Total Length : 1100 bytes (1080 bytes payload + 20 bytes header) Identification : Any unique number, let's use 1234 Flags : Bit 0: Reserved, always 0 Bit 1: Don't Fragment (DF), 0 (since we need fragmentation) Bit 2: More Fragments (MF), 1 (indicating more fragments follow) Fragment Offset : 0 (this is the first fragment) Time to Live (TTL) : 64 (common starting value, decremented by each router on the path) Protocol : 17 (UDP) Header Checksum : Calculated by the sending device Source Address : 200.1.1.2 Destination Address : 64.120.1.253 Data : First 1080 bytes of the message Fragment 2 (Remaining 920 bytes) Version : 4 IHL : 5 Type of Service : 0x24 Total Length : 940 bytes (920 bytes payload + 20 bytes header) Identification : 1234 (same as the first fragment to indicate they are parts of the same message) Flags : Bit 0: Reserved, 0 Bit 1: Don't Fragment (DF), 0 Bit 2: More Fragments (MF), 0 (no more fragments) Fragment Offset : 135 (offset in units of 8 bytes, calculated as  1080 8 = 135 \frac{1080}{8} = 135 8 1080 ​ = 135 ) Time to Live (TTL) : 64 (same as the first fragment, will be decremented similarly) Protocol : 17 (UDP) Header Checksum : Calculated by the sending device Source Address : 200.1.1.2 Destination Address : 64.120.1.253 Data : Remaining 920 bytes of the message Explanation : Define the specific fields for each IPv4 header in the fragments to ensure correct routing and reassembly. Fragment 1 (First 1080 bytes) Version to Data (Explanation) : Configure header fields to specify protocol version, service type, identify the datagram, set fragmentation rules, and include the first part of the message. Fragment 2 (Remaining 920 bytes) Version to Data (Explanation) : Set header fields similar to the first fragment but adjust the fragmentation flags and offset to handle the final segment of the data. Step 3: Overview This setup ensures that the 2000-byte UDP message is correctly fragmented into two datagrams to comply with the MTU of 1100 bytes. Each fragment carries a part of the message with appropriate header settings to ensure they can be reassembled at the destination. Flags and Fragment Offset values are set to manage the correct ordering and assembly of the message. Explanation : Summarize the configuration and purpose of the fragmented datagrams, ensuring they adhere to networking protocols for successful transmission and reassembly. Final Answer: send a 2000-byte UDP message over an IPv4 network with an MTU of 1100 bytes, the message is split into two fragments due to size limitations. The first fragment carries the first 1080 bytes of data, and the second carries the remaining 920 bytes. Each fragment is properly configured with IPv4 headers indicating the fragment status, ensuring both are routed and reassembled correctly at the destination. This process effectively manages data transmission over networks with specific MTU constraints.

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